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聯(lián)系我們
來源：http://www.xintli.net/ 日期：2024-02-06
消防工作已經(jīng)貫穿到我們生活中的方方面面，如何正確使用建筑內(nèi)常見的消防設(shè)備設(shè)施，對于我們來說已經(jīng)變得尤為重要，尤其是高層建筑發(fā)生火災(zāi)后，往往火勢蔓延速度快，火災(zāi)撲救難度大，人員疏散困難，但是如果能夠有效利用身邊的消防設(shè)施設(shè)備，將火勢控制在初期狀態(tài)，或許就能避免一場火災(zāi)的發(fā)生。
Firefighting work has penetrated into every aspect of our lives. It has become particularly important for us to use common fire-fighting equipment and facilities in buildings correctly, especially in high-rise buildings where the fire often spreads rapidly, making firefighting difficult and evacuating personnel difficult. However, if we can effectively utilize the fire-fighting equipment around us to control the fire in its initial state, Perhaps it can prevent a fire from happening.
手動報警器
Manual alarm
手動報警器常見于建筑走廊，當(dāng)發(fā)生火災(zāi)時在火災(zāi)探測器沒有探測到火災(zāi)的時候，人員手動按下手動火災(zāi)報警按鈕，按下手動報警按鈕3～5秒鐘，手動報警按鈕上的火警確認燈會點亮，報告火災(zāi)信號。
Manual alarms are commonly found in building corridors. When a fire occurs and the fire detector does not detect the fire, personnel manually press the manual fire alarm button. Press the manual alarm button for 3-5 seconds, and the fire alarm confirmation light on the manual alarm button will light up to report the fire signal.
手動報警器
Manual alarm
室內(nèi)消火栓
Indoor fire hydrant
室內(nèi)消火栓一般都設(shè)置在建筑物公共部位的墻壁上，有明顯的標志，內(nèi)有水帶和水槍。使用時，打開消火栓箱門，取出水帶、水槍，將水帶的一端接在消火栓出水口上，另一端接好水槍，并將水帶拉直，按下消火栓啟動泵按鈕，啟動消火栓原，而后打開消火栓閥門便可噴水天火。當(dāng)消火栓泵控制柜處于手動狀態(tài)時應(yīng)及時派人到消防泵房手動啟動消火栓泵。
Indoor fire hydrants are generally installed on the walls of public areas of buildings, with clear signs and water hoses and guns inside. When in use, open the door of the fire hydrant box, take out the water hose and water gun, connect one end of the water hose to the water outlet of the fire hydrant, connect the other end to the water gun, and straighten the water hose. Press the fire hydrant start pump button to start the fire hydrant, and then open the fire hydrant valve to spray the sky fire. When the fire hydrant pump control cabinet is in manual mode, personnel should be promptly dispatched to the fire pump room to manually start the fire hydrant pump.
安裝在建筑物內(nèi)的消防給水管路上，由箱體、室內(nèi)消火栓、消防接口、水帶、水槍、消防軟管卷盤及電器設(shè)備等消防器材組成的具有給水、滅火、控制、報警等功能的箱狀固定式消防裝置。
A box shaped fixed fire protection device installed on the fire water supply pipeline inside a building, consisting of a box body, indoor fire hydrants, fire interfaces, water hoses, water guns, fire hose reels, and electrical equipment, with functions such as water supply, fire extinguishing, control, and alarm.
室外消火栓
Outdoor fire hydrant
設(shè)置在建筑物外面消防給水管網(wǎng)上的供水設(shè)施，主要供消防車從市政給水管網(wǎng)或室外消防給水管網(wǎng)取水實施滅火，也可以直接連接水帶、水槍出水滅火，是撲救火災(zāi)的重要消防設(shè)施之一。
The water supply facilities set up on the fire water supply pipe network outside the building are mainly used by fire trucks to take water from the municipal water supply network or outdoor fire water supply network for extinguishing fires. They can also be directly connected to water hoses and water guns to extinguish fires. They are one of the important fire fighting facilities.
室外消火栓
Outdoor fire hydrant
隔膜式氣壓罐
Diaphragm pressure tank
由鋼質(zhì)外殼，橡膠隔膜內(nèi)膽構(gòu)成的儲能器件，橡膠隔膜把水室和氣室完全隔開，當(dāng)外界有壓力的水充入隔膜式氣壓水罐的內(nèi)膽時，密封在罐內(nèi)的空氣被壓縮，根據(jù)波義耳氣體定律，氣體受到壓縮后體積變小，壓力升高儲存能量，壓縮氣體膨脹可以將橡膠隔膜內(nèi)的水壓出罐體。
The energy storage device is composed of a steel shell and a rubber diaphragm inner liner. The rubber diaphragm completely separates the water chamber and the gas chamber. When water under pressure from the outside is filled into the inner liner of the diaphragm type pneumatic water tank, the air sealed in the tank is compressed. According to Boyle's gas law, the compressed gas reduces its volume, increases the pressure, and stores energy. Compressed gas expansion can press the water inside the rubber diaphragm out of the tank.
隔膜式氣壓罐
Diaphragm pressure tank
消防泵
Fire pump
用作輸送水或泡沫溶液等液體滅火劑的專用泵。
It is used as a special pump for conveying liquid extinguishing agent such as water or foam solution.
消防噴淋頭
Fire sprinkler head
用于消防噴淋系統(tǒng)，當(dāng)發(fā)生火災(zāi)時，水通過噴淋頭濺水盤灑出進行滅火，目前分為下垂型灑水噴頭、直立型灑水噴頭、普通型灑水噴頭、邊墻型灑水噴頭等。
Used in fire sprinkler systems, when a fire occurs, water is sprayed out through the sprinkler head splash tray to extinguish the fire. Currently, it is divided into drooping sprinkler heads, upright sprinkler heads, ordinary sprinkler heads, side wall sprinkler heads, etc.
消防噴淋頭
Fire sprinkler head
水泵接合器
Water pump adapter
通過樓宇外的給水設(shè)備向樓宇內(nèi)消防，噴淋系統(tǒng)提供滅火用水，水泵接合器樓宇內(nèi)與消防噴淋系統(tǒng)通過止回閥相連，止回閥的作用是水只能由外往內(nèi)供水，樓宇外與消防車用水泵相連，當(dāng)樓宇內(nèi)發(fā)生火災(zāi)，樓宇內(nèi)消防，噴淋系統(tǒng)不能提供滅火用水時，樓宇外消防車用水泵通過水泵接合器向樓宇內(nèi)消防，噴淋系統(tǒng)提供滅火用水。
Provide fire extinguishing water to the fire protection and sprinkler system inside the building through the water supply equipment outside the building. The water pump adapter is connected to the fire sprinkler system inside the building through a check valve. The function of the check valve is that water can only be supplied from the outside to the inside. The water pump is connected to the fire truck outside the building. When a fire occurs inside the building and the fire protection and sprinkler system inside the building cannot provide fire extinguishing water, the fire truck water pump outside the building is connected to the fire protection inside the building through the water pump adapter, The sprinkler system provides fire extinguishing water.
水泵接合器
Water pump adapter
信號蝶閥
Signal butterfly valve
一般安裝在兩個部位：樓層水平干管水流指示器前端；主干管濕式報警閥前端。
It is generally installed in two parts: the front end of the horizontal main pipe water flow indicator on the floor; Front end of wet alarm valve for main pipeline.
樓層水平干管安裝信號蝶閥的作用，一是當(dāng)樓層噴淋系統(tǒng)需要維修時，關(guān)閉此閥，打開末端放水，放空本樓層噴淋系統(tǒng)內(nèi)的水，進行維修；二是噴淋系統(tǒng)內(nèi)是不允許無水的，當(dāng)這個蝶關(guān)閉時，會傳輸一個信號給消防報警系統(tǒng)，消防報警系統(tǒng)接收一個監(jiān)視信號（所以叫信號蝶閥），提示這個樓層的消防噴淋系統(tǒng)是無水狀態(tài)，應(yīng)快速維修 。
The function of installing a signal butterfly valve on the horizontal main pipe of a floor is to close this valve when the floor sprinkler system needs maintenance, open the end drain, and empty the water in the floor sprinkler system for maintenance; Secondly, it is not allowed to have no water inside the sprinkler system. When this butterfly is closed, it will transmit a signal to the fire alarm system. The fire alarm system receives a monitoring signal (so it is called a signal butterfly valve), indicating that the fire sprinkler system on this floor is in a dry state and should be repaired quickly.
濕式報警閥前端的信號蝶閥作用與樓層主干管蝶閥的作用差不多，一是維修，二是提示噴淋系統(tǒng)內(nèi)有信號蝶閥關(guān)閉，應(yīng)盡早維修。
The signal butterfly valve at the front end of the wet alarm valve has a similar function to the butterfly valve on the main pipe of the floor. It is used for maintenance and reminds that there is a signal butterfly valve closed in the sprinkler system, which should be repaired as soon as possible.
信號蝶閥
Signal butterfly valve
末端試水裝置
End water testing device
安裝在系統(tǒng)管網(wǎng)或分區(qū)管網(wǎng)的末端，檢驗系統(tǒng)啟動、報警及聯(lián)動等功能的裝置。
A device installed at the end of a system or partition network to verify system startup, alarm, and linkage functions.
末端試水裝置
End water testing device
火災(zāi)探測器
Fire detectors
消防火災(zāi)自動報警系統(tǒng)中，對現(xiàn)場進行探查，發(fā)現(xiàn)火災(zāi)的設(shè)備。火災(zāi)探測器是系統(tǒng)的“感覺器官”，它的作用是監(jiān)視環(huán)境中有沒有火災(zāi)的發(fā)生。一旦有了火情，就將火災(zāi)的特征物理量，如溫度、煙霧、氣體和輻射光強等轉(zhuǎn)換成電信號，并立即動作向火災(zāi)報警控制器發(fā)送報警信號。
In the automatic fire alarm system, equipment used to investigate the scene and detect a fire. A fire detector is the sensory organ of a system, and its function is to monitor the environment for the occurrence of a fire. Once a fire occurs, the characteristic physical quantities of the fire, such as temperature, smoke, gas, and radiation intensity, are converted into electrical signals, and an alarm signal is immediately sent to the fire alarm controller.
火災(zāi)探測器
Fire detectors
消防控制模塊
Fire control module
也叫輸入輸出模塊，是消防聯(lián)動控制系統(tǒng)的重要組成部分，用在火災(zāi)自動報警系統(tǒng)中連接排煙閥、送風(fēng)閥、防火閥等等外部設(shè)備。模塊多有一對常開、常閉觸點，通過模塊上面的觸點連接外接電路來實現(xiàn)外部設(shè)備的聯(lián)動控制。
Also known as input/output module, it is an important component of the fire linkage control system, used to connect external devices such as smoke exhaust valves, air supply valves, fire dampers, etc. in the fire automatic alarm system. The module often has a pair of normally open and normally closed contacts, which are connected to external circuits through the contacts on the module to achieve linkage control of external devices.
消防控制模塊
Fire control module
聲光報警器
Sound and light alarm
是一種用在危險場所，通過聲音和各種光來向人們發(fā)出示警信號的一種不會引燃易燃易爆性氣體的報警信號裝置。
It is an alarm signal device used in hazardous areas that emits warning signals to people through sound and various lights, without igniting flammable and explosive gases.
聲光報警器
Sound and light alarm
消防警鈴
Fire alarm bell
在發(fā)生緊急情況的時候由報警控制器控制觸發(fā)報警，正常情況下每個區(qū)域一個，也可用于防盜警報器，警示聲音效果好。
In the event of an emergency, the alarm is triggered by the alarm controller. Normally, one alarm is provided for each area, which can also be used as an anti-theft alarm with a good warning sound effect.
消防警鈴
Fire alarm bell
防火閥
Fire damper
度防火閥用在空調(diào)送風(fēng)、通風(fēng)系統(tǒng)管道上；平時常開，發(fā)生火災(zāi)時關(guān)閉，聯(lián)鎖風(fēng)機，使風(fēng)機關(guān)閉；
Fire dampers are used on air conditioning supply and ventilation system pipelines; Normally open, close in case of fire, interlock the fan to shut it down;
度防火閥用在排煙系統(tǒng)管道上，平時常開，發(fā)生火災(zāi)時排煙，當(dāng)煙氣溫度達到280度時，防火閥關(guān)閉，聯(lián)鎖風(fēng)機關(guān)閉。
The fire damper is used on the smoke exhaust system pipeline and is usually open. When a fire occurs, the smoke is discharged. When the smoke temperature reaches 280 degrees, the fire damper closes and the interlocking fan closes.
防火閥
Fire damper
防火卷簾門
Fireproof rolling shutter door
防火卷簾簾面通過傳動裝置和控制系統(tǒng)達到卷簾的升降。起到防火、隔火作用
The fireproof roller shutter is lifted and lowered through a transmission device and control system. Plays a role in fire prevention and isolation
防火卷簾門
Fireproof rolling shutter door
火災(zāi)報警主機及消防控制聯(lián)動柜
Fire alarm host and fire control linkage cabinet
位于消防控制室的報警系統(tǒng)主機、聯(lián)動主機。可獲得報警信號、設(shè)備動作反饋信號、控制水泵、水炮、風(fēng)機啟停等。
The alarm system host and linkage host located in the fire control room. It can obtain alarm signals, equipment action feedback signals, control water pumps, water cannons, fan start stop, etc.
火災(zāi)報警主機及消防控制聯(lián)動柜
Fire alarm host and fire control linkage cabinet
防煙排煙系統(tǒng)
Smoke prevention and exhaust system
防排煙系統(tǒng)是為控制起火建筑內(nèi)的煙氣流動，創(chuàng)造有利于疏散和消防救援的條件，防止和減少建筑火災(zāi)的危害而設(shè)置的一種建筑設(shè)施。防排煙系統(tǒng)分為機械加壓送風(fēng)防煙設(shè)施和機械排煙設(shè)施。
A smoke control and exhaust system is a type of building facility designed to control the flow of smoke inside a burning building, create conditions conducive to safe evacuation and fire rescue, and prevent and reduce the hazards of building fires. The smoke exhaust system is divided into mechanical pressurized air supply smoke exhaust facilities and mechanical smoke exhaust facilities.
防煙排煙系統(tǒng)
Smoke prevention and exhaust system
滅火器
Fire extinguisher
滅火器是一種可攜式滅火工具。滅火器內(nèi)放置化學(xué)物品，用以救滅火災(zāi)。滅火器是常見的防火設(shè)施之一存放在公眾場所或可能發(fā)生火災(zāi)的地方，不同種類的天火器內(nèi)裝填的成分不一樣，是專為不同的火災(zāi)起因而使用時必須注意以免產(chǎn)生反效果及引起危險。
A fire extinguisher is a portable firefighting tool. Chemical substances are placed inside the fire extinguisher to extinguish the fire. Fire extinguishers are one of the common fire prevention facilities stored in public places or places where fires may occur. Different types of sky fire extinguishers are filled with different components and are specifically designed for different fire causes. When used, attention must be paid to avoid adverse effects and potential hazards.
使用前先把滅火器士干顛倒幾下，使簡內(nèi)干粉松動先拔下保險銷，一只手握住噴嘴，另一只手用力按下壓把，干粉便會從噴嘴射出來。
Before use, invert the fire extinguisher stem a few times to loosen the dry powder inside. First, unplug the safety pin, hold the nozzle with one hand, and press the pressure handle firmly with the other hand. The dry powder will be ejected from the nozzle.
滅火器
Fire extinguisher
防火門
Fire doors
防火門是指在一定時間內(nèi)連同框架能滿足耐火穩(wěn)性、完整性和隔熱性要求的門。它是設(shè)在防火分區(qū)間、散樓梯間、垂直豎井等具有一定耐火性的防火分隔物火門除具有普通門的作用外更具有阻止火勢蔓延和氣擴散的作用，可在一定時間內(nèi)阻止火勢的蔓延，確保人員疏散。
Fire doors refer to doors that, together with their frames, can meet the requirements of fire resistance, stability, integrity, and thermal insulation within a certain period of time. It is a fire-resistant partition material installed in fire compartments, stairwells, vertical shafts, etc. Fire doors not only have the function of ordinary doors but also have the function of preventing the spread of fire and gas, which can prevent the spread of fire for a certain period of time and ensure personnel evacuation.
防火門
Fire doors
疏散指示標志
Evacuation signs
疏散指示標志
Evacuation signs
應(yīng)急照明燈
Emergency lighting
應(yīng)急照明燈是在正常照明電源發(fā)生故障時，能有效地照明和顯示疏散通道，或能持續(xù)照明而不間斷工作的一類燈具。廣泛用于公共場所和不能間斷照明的地方。平時它像普通燈具一樣提供照明，當(dāng)出現(xiàn)緊急情況，如地震、失火或電路故障引起電源突然中斷，所有光源都已停止工作，此時，它立即提供可靠的照明，并指示人流疏散的方向和緊急出口的位置，以確保滯留在黑暗中的人們順利地撤離。
Emergency lighting is a type of lighting fixture that can effectively illuminate and display evacuation routes in the event of a malfunction in the normal lighting power supply, or can continuously illuminate and work uninterrupted. Widely used in public places and places with uninterrupted lighting. Normally, it provides lighting like ordinary lamps. In case of emergency situations such as earthquakes, fires, or circuit failures causing sudden power outages, all light sources have stopped working. At this time, it immediately provides reliable lighting and indicates the direction of evacuation and the position of emergency exits to ensure the smooth evacuation of people trapped in the darkness.
