川消講解消防水泵啟動和控制的相關知識
來源：http://www.xintli.net/ 日期：2022-06-08
消防水泵在消防給水系統中的作用相當于人的心臟，是所有水系統的動力所在，故消防水泵啟動和控制的相關知識一定要認真掌握，做到靈活運用。
The role of fire pump in the fire water supply system is equivalent to the heart of people and is the power of all water systems. Therefore, the relevant knowledge of fire pump startup and control must be carefully mastered and flexibly used.
為什么啟泵信號規定為壓力和流量開關？
Why is the pump start signal specified as a pressure and flow switch?
國際上發達的啟泵信號是壓力和流量開關，其原因是可靠性高，水流指示器可靠性稍差，誤動作率稍高，我國在工程中也經常采用高位消防水箱的水位信號，但因高位消防水箱的水位信號有滯后現象，目前已在工程中很少采用，但該信號可以作為報警信號。
The pump starting signal in developed countries is the pressure and flow switch. The reason is that the reliability is high, the reliability of the water flow indicator is slightly poor, and the misoperation rate is slightly high. China also often uses the water level signal of the high-level fire water tank in projects. However, due to the lag of the water level signal of the high-level fire water tank, it has been rarely used in projects at present, but this signal can be used as an alarm signal.
為此規范規定采用壓力開關和流量開關作為水泵啟泵信號，壓力開關一般可采用電接點壓力表、壓力傳感器等。壓力開關通常設置在消防水泵房的主干管道上或報警閥上，流量開關通常設置在高位消防水箱出水管上。
For this reason, the specification stipulates that the pressure switch and flow switch are used as the pump start signal, and the pressure switch can generally use the electric contact pressure gauge, pressure sensor, etc. The pressure switch is usually set on the main pipeline or alarm valve of the fire pump room, and the flow switch is usually set on the outlet pipe of the high-level fire water tank.
為什么要設置機械應急啟泵裝置？
Why is the mechanical emergency pump starting device set?
①壓力開關、流量開關等弱電信號和硬拉線是通過繼電器來自動啟動消防水泵的，如果弱電信號因故障或繼電器等故障不能自動或手動啟消防水泵時，應依靠消防水泵房設置的機械應急啟動裝置啟動消防水泵。
① Weak current signals such as pressure switch and flow switch and hard pull wire automatically start the fire pump through relay. If the fire pump cannot be started automatically or manually due to weak current signal failure or relay failure, the fire pump shall be started by relying on the mechanical emergency starting device set in the fire pump room.
②當消防水泵控制柜內的控制線路發生故障而不能使消防水泵自動啟動時，若立即進行排除線路故障的修理會受到人員素質、時間上的限制，所以在消防發生的情況下是不可能進行的。
② When the control circuit in the fire pump control cabinet fails to start the fire pump automatically, the immediate repair of the circuit failure will be limited by the quality of personnel and time, so it is impossible to carry out the repair in case of fire.
③基于以上原因規范規定，消防水泵只要在供電正常的條件下，無論控制性線路如何，都能強制啟動，以保證火災撲救的及時性。
③ Based on the above reasons, the specification stipulates that the fire pump can be forcibly started as long as the power supply is normal, regardless of the control line, so as to ensure the timeliness of fire fighting.
機械應急啟動不超過5.0min，都包含哪些時間？
The mechanical emergency start shall not exceed 5.0min. What time does it include?
該機械應急啟動裝置在操作時必須由被授權的人員來進行，且此時從報警到消防水泵的正常運轉的時間不應大于5min，這個時間可包含了管理人員從控制室消防水泵房的時間，以及水泵從啟動到正常工作的時間。
The mechanical emergency starting device must be operated by authorized personnel, and the time from alarm to normal operation of the fire pump shall not be more than 5min. This time can include the time from the control room to the fire pump room and the time from start to normal operation of the pump.
川消小編提醒，當消防給水分區供水采用轉輸消防水泵時，轉輸泵宜在消防水泵啟動后再啟動；當消防給水分區供水采用串聯消防水泵時，上區消防水泵宜在下區消防水泵啟動后再啟動。
Chuanxiao Xiaobian reminded that when the transfer fire pump is used for water supply in the fire water supply zone, the transfer pump should be started after the fire pump is started; When series fire pumps are used for water supply of fire water supply zones, the fire pumps in the upper zone should be started after the fire pumps in the lower zone are started.
消防水泵控制柜設置在專用消防水泵控制室時，其防護等級不應低于IP30；與消防水泵設置在同一空間時，其防護等級不應低于IP55。
When the fire pump control cabinet is set in the special fire pump control room, its protection grade shall not be lower than IP30; When it is set in the same space as the fire pump, its protection grade shall not be lower than IP55.
對于一些較難理解的知識點，引用了規范中的條文說明，大家可以作為參考使用，當然您也可以關注我們網站
www.xintli.net，咨詢客服人員相關問題。
For some knowledge points that are difficult to understand, the article descriptions in the specification are cited for reference. Of course, you can also pay attention to our website www.cx-fire COM, and ask the customer service personnel for related questions.
